Federal Law
a.) Congress gives federal agencies policy making discretion in executing federal laws because it is more efficient and less time-consuming and congress and its agencies lack the expertise needed to execute the laws otherwise.
b.) The Environmental Protection Agency exercises policy-making discretion over clean air and water. It exercises that discretion by putting limits on how much pollution cities and factories are allowed to make, and where they are allowed to dispose of it.
c.) Congress ensures that federal agencies follow legislative intent by overseeing the whole process (they can hold hearings and investigations) and controlling the funding or budget for each agency.
2006-3 The United States congress and the president together have the power to enact federal law. Federal bureaucratic agencies have the responsibility to execute federal law. However, in the carrying out of these laws, federal agencies have policy making discretion.
(1) Explain two reasons why Congress gives federal agencies policy making discretion in executing federal laws.
(2) Choose one of the bureaucratic agencies listed below. Identify the policy area over which it exercises policy-making discretion and give one specific example of how it exercises that discretion.
a. Environmental Protection Agency
b. Federal Communications Commission
c. Federal Reserve board
(3) Describe two ways in which Congress ensures that federal agencies follow legislative intent.
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